This is from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation in the US.
I hope it helps
How does someone inherit a mutation of the CF gene?
People inherit genes from their parents. To have CF, a child must inherit one copy of a mutation of the CF gene from each parent. In other words, the child must have two copies of the defective gene to have CF. They could have two copies of one CF mutation, or have a copy of one CF mutation and a copy of another CF mutation.
A person who has only one copy of one mutation does not have CF and is considered a "carrier" of the CF gene. Both males and females can have the disease.
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What does a positive genetic carrier test for CF mean?
A "positive" genetic carrier test for CF means that a person has a mutation of the CF gene; this result is more than 99 percent accurate. A "negative" carrier test result is not as accurate. With more than 1,000 different mutations of the CF gene, there are some rare ones that the test does not identify. Thus, if your test is negative for a mutation of the CF gene, there is still a small chance you could be a carrier of one of the rare mutations. This chance depends on your race or ethnic group and the type of genetic carrier test you receive.
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If I have one copy of the defective CF gene, can my children have CF?
Yes. If you have one copy of a CF gene mutation, your child may have CF. However, your child will only have CF if your partner also is a carrier of a CF gene mutation. If you are both carriers, each child you have together has a 25 percent chance of having CF. If one partner is a carrier and the other partner's test result is negative for a CF gene mutation (or if there is no information on whether or not he or she carries the defective gene), there is still a slight chance the child could have CF. Your doctor or a genetic counselor can tell you about your individual chances of having a child with CF.
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How does CF "appear" when no one in my family has ever had the disease?
Since having one copy of the defective CF gene does not cause symptoms, this copy can be passed down to family members without any impact on their health. Unless they have a child with CF, most people who are carriers of the gene do not know it.
Once parents have a child diagnosed with CF, all of their children should be tested for the disease, whether they are showing symptoms or not. Other relatives also have a chance of being CF carriers and may wish to get a genetic carrier test for CF, or they may wish to be given the sweat test if they are showing symptoms of CF.
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