The difference between this therapy and therapies of the past is the delivery mechanism. In the past researchers had thought they could use a bacteria or virus to deliver the new DNA to the lung cells, which wasn't very efficient. Now they are trying nano-molecules which I suppose, as a man-made molecule, would be a little easier to control and dose. But to be a real cure they still would need to change enough cells without adversely affecting cell replication so that you'd eventually have a critical mass of good cells to overcome the bad ones. Even without reaching critical mass it might still be a very good therapy. Fascinating stuff really. I hope it continues to show promise.